Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex pathology that has undergone a paradigm shift in the last few years. As technology develops and diagnosis algorithms become more refined, early diagnosis leads to prompt medical management. This management has also changed in recent years. Moreover, HFpEF phenotyping attempts further nuance the management of patients with this disease. Whereas guidelines are not so firm on the medical classes of drugs that should be employed in HFpEF compared to HFrEF, new trials are on the way to change this. This literature review focuses on the evolution of diagnosis criteria for HFpEF, the clinical scores proposed by current guidelines, and also on the medical management of this pathology, focusing on medical management and how it has changed recently, by highlighting landmark trials that have been published on the topic or that are going to be published on the topic.
Background: Digital transformation in cardiology is reshaping diagnosis, monitoring, and therapy through connected devices, digital biomarkers, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. This paper synthesizes recent advances and emphasizes the shift from episodic assessment to continuous surveillance and personalized predictive care. Methods: The article included 81 studies published between 2015 and 2026, identified in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, encompassing clinical trials, meta- analyses, observational studies, and reviews focused upon continuous cardiovascular monitoring, remote care, and AI-supported analysis. According to the selection criteria, studies with weak methodology or limited clinical relevance were removed. Results: Continuous monitoring enables early detection of physiological changes, individualized prevention, reduces hospitalizations, and supports cost efficiency and the expansion of remote services. Artificial intelligence and multimodal analytics facilitate dynamic risk stratification, clinical decision support, and the development of cardiovascular digital twin models for precision medicine. Implementation remains constrained by requirements for robust validation, potential algorithmic bias, data protection and cybersecurity concerns, and regulatory or acceptance barriers. Conclusions: Digital cardiology enables anticipatory, patient- centered healthcare based on continuous monitoring and AI as core clinical tools, promoting integrated patient–hospital–home ecosystems, real-time therapeutic guidance, and sustained cardiovascular prevention. The priorities defined by these directions are subjects for further research and healthcare development worldwide in the next decades. improves
(1) Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare and has particular relevance in military medicine, where austere environments, uncertainty, and time-critical decisions are common; (2) Methods: A literature review was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering studies published between 2000 and 2026. Relevant articles on AI in military medicine were identified and grouped into three domains: clinical, operational, and educational; (3) Results: Forty-one studies were included. In the clinical domain, AI supports decision-making, trauma care, medical imaging, and mental health, including early detection of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Operational applications include physiological monitoring, triage optimization, and medical evacuation. In education, AI enhances medical simulation and adaptive learning. Key limitations include poor data quality and availability, algorithmic bias, and limited validation in real operational settings; (4) Conclusions: AI can substantially improve military medical practice by increasing diagnostic accuracy, supporting rapid decisions, and improving operational efficiency. However, implementation requires rigorous clinical validation, transparent and reliable systems, and careful attention to ethical and organizational issues. AI should be used as a complementary tool that supports, rather than replaces, clinical judgment.
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y₁₂ inhibitor is the pharmacological cornerstone of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) management. The evolution from clopidogrel to the more potent agents prasugrel and ticagrelor has improved ischaemic outcomes in PCI-treated patients, while cangrelor provides an intravenous alternative when oral absorption is compromised. Direct comparative data from ISAR-REACT 5 have established a hierarchy favoring prasugrel in patients proceeding to invasive management, although methodological limitations temper definitive conclusions. Beyond agent selection, contemporary practice increasingly emphasizes calibrated therapy: DAPT duration, de-escalation strategies — guided by CYP2C19 genotyping, platelet function testing, or applied empirically — and P2Y₁₂ monotherapy after short DAPT have been validated as approaches that preserve ischaemic protection while reducing bleeding. Special populations, including elderly patients, those with renal impairment, concomitant oral anticoagulation, or cardiogenic shock, require individualized decision-making that exceeds what any single trial provides. Emerging approaches, including subcutaneous selatogrel for patient self-administration and anti-GPVI strategies, signal a shift toward precision antiplatelet therapy. This review synthesizes current evidence across agent pharmacology, duration modulation, special population management, and future directions, framing the transition from potency to precision as the defining trajectory of the field.
Bereavement constitutes a shared environmental exposure that may result in distinct psychopathological outcomes, including prolonged grief disorder (PGD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this research was to construct a transdiagnostic conceptual model for interpreting bereavement-related pathologies that integrates core psychopathological data. A structured conceptual synthesis of the literature was conducted, focusing on diagnostic, epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic findings related to PGD and associated disorders. Shared and disorder- specific mechanisms were identified and mapped across diagnostic categories in order to construct an integrative framework. The proposed model suggests that bereavement-related psychopathology can be conceptualized as a spectrum of partially overlapping syndromes organized around three principal domains: attachment dysregulation and separation distress (PGD), trauma- and threat- processing abnormalities (PTSD, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder), and depressive-cognitive vulnerability (MDD). This framework provides a clinically relevant perspective on the relationship between grief-, trauma-, and depression-related disorders following loss. More research is needed to empirically validate this model, but at a theoretical level, it can serve as an orienting aid for mapping bereavement-related diagnoses and treatments.
Abstract Cervical cancer remains a major global public health challenge, especially affecting women of reproductive age. In the context of a societal shift towards delayed childbearing, fertility preservation has become an integral component of oncologic care for early-stage disease. Radical trachelectomy has emerged as a viable fertility-sparing surgical option in carefully selected patients. This review aims to assess the role of fertility-sparing radical trachelectomy in the modern management of early-stage cervical cancer by emphasizing the evolving criteria for patient selection, advances in surgical techniques, and the critical balance between oncologic safety and reproductive potential. An analysis of the literature from the past two decades shows that radical trachelectomy, whether performed via vaginal or abdominal routes, provides excellent oncologic control for early-stage lesions. Therefore, optimal results of such a technique depend on careful patient selection along with a multidisciplinary approach in order to reduce obstetrical complications.
