Pharmacological evaluation of glomerulonephritis in Covid-19 patients

Jalal Nourmohammadi¹, Mohsen Akhondi^{2,* ✉}, Fereshte Rajabiniat³, Zahra Sadat H. Vaeaz⁴, Zahra Nourmohammadi⁵, Mahdieh H. Moghadam⁶

1 - Pediatrics Department, Shahid Hasheminejad Medical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2 - Herzzentrum Leipzig, Germany
3 - Shahid Hasheminejad Medical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
4 - Department of Nursing, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I.R.Iran
5 - Torbat-e-Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat-e-Jam, Iran
6 - Management Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran 630 become hypertrophic due to overactivity, and eventually, this compensatory mechanism causes glomerular sclerosis, resulting the disappearance of the remaining nephrons. the destruction of glomeruli and in In patients with chronic kidney disease, especially in its advanced stages, transient complications such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperphosphatemia, fluid retention, hyperparathyroidism, bone disorders, cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders, neuromuscular disorders, normochromic normocystic infection, gastrointestinal to anemia, hypersensitivity disorders, (lipid disorders abnormalities), Inflammation and oxidative stress occur. Kidney problems are directly related to the nutritional status of patients. metabolic-endocrine The prevalence of energy-protein malnutrition in these patients is very high. Numerous studies have shown that the life expectancy of these patients increases with the improvement of nutritional status. According to various studies, the COVID-19 infects all groups of different ages include: newborns, pediatrics, young people, elderly, but infection. some groups are more vulnerable to this

Correspondence: Mohsen Akhondi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2022.125.4.14

Received: February 9, 2022

Accepted: June 28, 2022

Abstract:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and glomerulonephritis can be complications in COVID-19 patients, which is announced with widely incidence rates in different investigations and is determined to have a major effect on the prognosis of the disease. There are considerable variations in AKI and glomerulonephritis rates between other countries. The rate is generally lower than in Western Europe and the United States in China. Heterogeneity in different racial and ethnic lines can be a potential explanation. This investigation systematically reviews the scientific resources regarding AKI and glomerulonephritis among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Both observational and interventional investigations(including case reports) with English full-text provide essential data, with no limitation in release or peer-review. More evidence is required to assess the AKI, especially glomerulonephritis in Covid-19 patients, for better management of Covid-19.