Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological-psychiatric state caused by exposure to stressful, traumatic events that manifests as a vivid reminiscence of them by flashbacks, nightmares, reccurent memories, emotional and physical manifestations. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are of interest in patients suffering from PTSD because there is an increasing body of evidence that these pathologies are linked. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and other cardiovascular risk factors are common in patients with PTSD and all of them increase the incidence of coronary syndromes, both chronic and acute. Posttraumatic stress disorder has a major impact on the lifestyle and health of subjects exposed to trauma or stress. Cardiovascular diseases tend to appear sooner in PTSD diagnosed patients due to a variety of reasons: poor habits, low addressability to health care systems, chronic inflammation status, changes at molecular levels, etc. Otherwise, PTSD tends to be induced by CVD, thus inclining the balance towards whis association. According with data published until now, there is a strong pathophysiologic relatonship between PTSD and some CVD; there is also outlining a vice versa relationship, from some CVD to PTSD.
Shooting impairment may occur whereas there is either central or peripherical fatigue. However, the effects of different physical stressor stimuli on fine motor skills as shooting are yet not fully understood. The present research aimed to analyze the effect of endurance and resisted physical stressors on the psychophysiological response and pistol marksmanship of novel soldiers, and the possible differences in gender and BMI. Variables of heart rate, isometric hand strength, rate of perceived exertion, and pistol marksmanship were analyzed in 56 soldiers in endurance and resisted stress protocols. Isometric hand strength, heart rate, and RPE were significantly higher in both resisted and endurance physical stress protocols than in the basal sample. Gender differences were seen in strength, cardiovascular and RPE values. Also, subjects with larger BMI presented significantly higher isometric hand strength and higher marksmanship in all moments evaluated. We conclude that an endurance stress protocol produced a higher cardiovascular and perceived exertion than a resisted one, not affecting hand strength, shooting heart rate, and marksmanship. Females presented lower hand strength and marksmanship while higher rated of perceived exertion and heart rate during the endurance and resisted stress protocols than males. Overweight participants presented higher heart rates during both physical stress protocols, but higher hand strength and marksmanship while similar shooting heart rates than normal-weight participants.
This article aims to highlight the burnout burden among neurologists and provide information on some of its causes and consequences. We report an original article that reviews our current understanding of burnout matter in the neurology field. The main search engine through which we performed extensive literature research was PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The following information was collected: triggers of burnout and factors that perpetuate it, major complaints, values, and goals that dictate how coaching with it. Physician burnout is an umbrella term characterized by symptoms determined by exposure to chronic workplace stressors. Simply put, it encompasses many dimensions: emotional exhaustion, feelings of cynism, detachment (depersonalization), and a sense of ineffectiveness at work (low personal accomplishment). Burnout is common among all medical specialties, but neurology ranks at the top of the list. Several identified factors continue to fuel this problem. Properly addressing them, rethinking practice, and implementing wise, modern strategies can make significant contributions to reducing it. Aside from the chronic harm to the physician, burnout puts at risk the healthcare community at many levels including patients, other professionals, finances, etc. This paper wants to emphasize that burnout in neurology should be regarded as a global crisis. Thus, some strategies are proposed.
On February 24, 2022, the Russian-Ukrainian war began, in which hundreds of thousands of military personnel are participating. Almost all military personnel experience combat stress. In our opinion, the most fully reflecting the occurrence of stress in humans, including combat stress in military personnel, is the conservation of resource theory proposed by S. Hobfoll. According to this theory, stress occurs when: central or key resources (health, well-being, family, self-esteem, and a sense of purpose and meaning in life) are threatened with loss, are lost, or cannot be retrieved following significant effort. Combat stress in military personnel can manifest itself in the form of negative manifestations of the psychological, physical, psychophysiological, and behavioral register. The most effective system for the prevention and control of combat stress among military personnel was developed in the US Army. Such a program should contain medical and psychological work activities carried out in three stages: preparatory (before performing combat missions), the stage of direct performance of tasks in the combat zone, and the final stage (after completing tasks upon returning to permanent deployment points).
Background: This research aimed to analyze the effect of experience and professional role on psychophysiological stress response in underwater evacuation training. Methods: We analyzed 36 participants (39.06±9.01 years), divided into two different groups; 17 crew members (38.6±7.2 years) and 19 medical members (39.5±10.5 years). modifications in the rating of perceived exertion, subjective stress perception, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, cortical arousal, heart rate variability, spirometry, isometric hand strength, and short-term memory before and after underwater evacuation training were analyzed. Results: The maneuver produced a significant increase in SSP, RPE, IHS, FVC, and SatO2 at different moments of the intervention, being higher in crew members. Conclusions: We found that the underwater evacuation training produced an anticipatory anxiety response, and an increase in autonomous sympathetic nervous system modulation not affecting strength capacities, cortical arousal, and memory independently of the aircraft role (medical or crew).
