Keyword: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)

Evaluating Arbitrary and Histological Margins in High-Risk Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: A OneCenter Experience

Background: Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), often occur in high-risk areas like the face, ears, and scalp. Surgical excision is standard, but achieving tumor-free margins while preserving function and appearance is challenging. This study evaluates the adequacy of arbitrary surgical margins versus histopathological clearance. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 147 patients with BCC or cSCC in high-risk areas treated at Elias Emergency University Hospital (2020–2024). Data included demographics, tumor type, size, location, excision margins, and histological clearance. Margins were grouped from 0 mm to >10 mm. Results: Most patients were male (59.2%) with a mean age of 70.6 years. BCC accounted for 70.7% of cases. Arbitrary margins averaged 5.4 mm; mean histological margins were ~2.5 mm. Complete excision was achieved in 91.2%; positive margins were most common on the nose and scalp. Discussion: Arbitrary margins in high-risk areas are often narrower than guidelines recommend, especially where tissue is limited, increasing the risk of incomplete excision. Conclusion: While aesthetic and functional considerations often necessitate smaller margins, improved intraoperative margin assessment could enhance oncological outcomes in high-risk NMSC.