Gingival conditions are frequently encountered in dental clinical practice and they can raise diagnosis and treatment problems. The diagnostic is variable from normal conditions to autoimmune diseases or even malignancy. Some of them cause disturbances such as pain, burning sensation and have an impact on patient’s quality of life.
Unlike the therapy of primary BMS, the treatment of secondary BMS benefits, in addition to symptomatic therapy, from the possibility of using means and methods to correct biological disturbances and/or morphological, psycho-emotional changes respectively. The use of these therapeutic means in secondary BMS is recommended to be established as a first step of therapeutic conduct. Their success is reflected in homeostasis restoring, correcting morphological and functional changes of the field, which frequently leads to no longer use prescription of symptomatic treatment. DEFINITION The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines burning mouth syndrome (BMS) as a “distinct nosological entity” characterized by “oral sensation of burning or pain, persistent and non- remitting in time in the absence of clinical objective changes of the mouth mucosa” [1]. A relatively similar vision is supported by Grushka (2014). BMS defining a sensory sensation, the author admits that this is manifested mainly by: a) subjective characteristics: taste perception; bilateral burning changes sensation associated with altered taste mouth; sensation of “dry mouth”, although salivary flow is not reduced; perceived foreign body in the oropharynx and b) objective criterion: the oral tissues with clinically normal aspect. The author specifically mentions that the 4 subjective lists, encountered in BMS come forth from the absence of results after an in Corresponding author Bogdan I. Coculescu bogdancoculescu@yahoo.fr objective clinical exam, a defining element for this condition [2]. EPIDEMIOLOGY Setting the epidemiology of BMS is difficult and imprecise because there is no universally accepted definition. The various epidemiological studies often refer to different clinical entities in which oral mucosal lesions lack [3]. This disease has a high rate that varies according to the studies from 0.7% to 14.8 - 15% [3,4,5]. The prevalence of painful syndrome in the Service of Oral Pathology of the Faculty of Dental Medicine - “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest (Romania) is 16.23% [6]. 1 Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 2 Titu Maiorescu University, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania 3 Center for Military Medical Scientific Research, Ministry of National Defence, Bucharest, Romania 43
